Afghanistan Crisis and Regional Dynamics – Blogs and Columns – DN
The order and peace in Afghanistan is most crucial to prosperity of this region.
The US security forces withdrawal from Afghanistan lock, stock and barrel has long standing significance for this region. US and allied NATO forces invaded and suzerain the Land of Afghanistan for almost 20 long years.
The conflicts and terrorism practices are deeply embedded in South Asia. South Asia is facing indomitable challenges such as corruption, poverty, unemployment, marginalization of some minorities and small provinces in socioeconomic aspects which triggers the spectre of separatism, militancy, extremism and ethnic nationalism.
Terrorism is a major factor which is posing threat to Pakistan’s stability and livings of its inhabitants. The war on terror considerably affected the internal security paradigms of Pakistan’s demography and domestic security.
The emergence of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan was the natural concomitant of US myopic policies to counter terror in Afghanistan.
The Post US security forces withdrawals from Afghanistan have diverse implications for the region.
The Taliban regime has not yet acknowledged by Pakistan and other states. Taliban has to give assurance to curb the non state actors including Islamic State Khorasan Chapter and took the all factions to make inclusive Government.
The Peace in Afghanistan is the harbinger of peace and prosperity of the entire region. The tumult and turmoil will conflagrate the whole neighbouring states.
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Pakistan wants assurance that TTP will cease its nefarious terrorist activities and the soil of Afghanistan will not be utilized to assault Pakistan.
The Soil of Afghanistan will not be utilized as sanctuary for the fleeing TTP leadership. Notwithstanding, Pakistan has put lot of efforts in accomplishing the Peace deal between US and Taliban, which is irrefutable. Undoubtedly, the ethno-National conflict in Afghanistan will devour the whole region.
However UNDP’s Asia-Pacific Director, Kanni Wignaraja said that within a year, the poverty rate in Afghanistan will hover at a whopping 97% or 98%, which is very horrible scenario. US have gigantic interest in South China Sea and massive US-Strategic competition.
Therefore, China will hinder any US move to create hegemony on South China Sea. China is interdicting the forward moment of US forces. There is a dire need of realignment among different factions internally to bolster the internal security paradigm.
In South Asia, terrorist groups sprang up from religious fundamentalism, left wing extremism and crave for secessionism either resulting from ethnicity or marginalised poverty.
Every nation-State has different ethnic groups. These ethnic groups often become fault lines for that State. The regional hegemon, India converted these fault- lines into battle lines through overt and covert support to different insurgent groups, operating in South Asia.
Interstate conflicts over boundary demarcation, internecine ethnic conflicts, transboundary illegal trafficking and terrorist activities are some dangerous backdrops of security in the region that provide a chance to a state for accomplishing their desiring goal in rival state landscape via this new tactic of war so called terrorism.
Other threats to security include immediate spill over effect of militancy and instability in Afghanistan to SAARC members, aggressive patriotism coupled with separatism.
These parameters have transformed the security environment of South Asia and shifted the foreign policy towards their neighbours.
In contemporary environment, terrorism is complex threat which exceeds the borders. Terrorists are more coordinated and there is sleight and sophistication in their plans and the execution of their acts is more lethal and precise.
South Asia is plagued by the terrorism and the regional countries have not developed any effective joint strategy to counter terrorism. South Asian nations especially India and Pakistan cannot tackle terrorism unilaterally.
Furthermore,these non-states actors including various terrorist organizations like Daish, Al Qaida are operating in South Asia and its surrounding regions.
These non-state actors have spillover effects. Not only they take the lives of peoples, but also discouraged foreign investment.
In this bleak scenario, Pakistan faces more challenges other than any state of South Asia due to its long and insecure shares of boarder with Afghanistan. After 9/11, Pakistan became the front-line state in the war on terror therefor bore the major impacts of its fallout.
The Global war on terrorism claimed the 70 thousand precious lives of soldiers, civilians and irretrievable material loss.
Terrorism is asymmetric warfare which can be mitigated through employment of soft and non-kinetic measures such as deradicalization and establishment of half way houses.
Taliban requires legitimacy and acceptance not only form society but also from the regional stakeholders. Otherwise, the political chaos and economic mayhem is inevitable. – PUNA
The writer is Ph.D Scholar, Deptt of Political science G.C University Faisalabad
E-Mail: Rizwanbh79@gmail.com
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